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Creator:	Joksimović, Marko
Title:	Force-velocityprofil, ekscentrični koeficijent iskorišćenja, indeks reaktivne snage i morfološke karakteristike kod elitnih odbojkašica
Copyright date:	2025
Trajni link:	https://phaidra.ucg.ac.me/detail_object/o:1908?tab=0#mda
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Select license:	Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno-Deliti pod istim uslovima 3.0 Srbija (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)

Academic metadata

Theses Type:	Phd. theses
Academic Expertise :	Društveno-humanističke nauke
Academic Title:	doktor nauka - fizičko vaspitanje
University:	Univerzitet Crne Gore
Faculty:	Fakultet za sport i fizičko vaspitanje
Group:	Studijski program Fizička kultura

Other Theses Metadata

Title translated:	Force-velocity profile, eccentric utilization ratio, reactive strength index and morphological characteristics in elite female volleyball players
Format:	PDF/A (pages)
Abstract:	Uvod: Razvoj trenažnog procesa za poboljšanje performansi odbojkašica zahtijeva od odbojkaških trenera, trenera snage i kondicije i drugih stručnjaka koji rade sa sportistima - odbojkašicama (fizioterapeuti, doktori) da koriste empirijska i praktična znanja iz različitih domena među kojima su fiziologij a vježbanj a, sportska medicina, biomehanika itd. Relevantne informacije o pitanjima vezanim za trening, kao što su morfološke karakteristike (visina, tjelesna masa, mišićna masa) fiziološke osobine (aerobni profil, snaga, sposobnost vertikalnog skoka, agilnost, brzina, pol, umor), kao i podaci sa terena (puls, nivo laktata u krvi) mogu se efikasno primijeniti u trenažnom procesu odbojkašica, posebno u kreiranju programa snage i kondicije koji su neophodni u treningu odbojkašica. U ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji integrisaće se znanja morfoloških karakteristika i fizioloških osobina odbojkašica, čiji će rezultati dati uvid u trenutno stanje, odnosno formiranje individualnog profila svake odbojkašice koji će omogućiti uključivanje kratkoročnih i dugoročnih planiranja trenžnog procesa. U vezi sa tim cilj ove disertacije bio je: da se utvrdi u kojoj mišićnoj kontrakciji se ostvaruju veće vrijednosti u force-velocity profilu (disbalans u sili i brzini); kolika je veličina ekscentričnog koeficijenta iskorišćenja i ciklusa istezanja i skraćenja na force-velocity profil; nivo indeksa reaktivne snage; u kojoj mišićnoj kontrakciji se ostvaruju veće vrijednosti vertikalnih skokova; kao i na kom su nivou morfološkim karakteristikama kod elitnih odbojkašica. Metod: Za potrebe ove doktorske disertacije angažovano je 12 elitnih odbojkašica reprezentacije Crne Gore U19, visina: 180.08±6.00 cm; masa: 65.67±6.27 kg; indeks tjelesne mase: 20.20±1.10 kg/m2; tjelesna mast: 18.89±3.70 %, (mean±SD). Za mjerenje tjelesne visine i mase koristio se stadiometar i kalibrisana vaga sa preciznošću od 0.1 cm odnosno 0.1 kg. Mjerenje kožnih nabora odrađeno je sa John Bull kaliperom (British Indicator Ltd, UK). Za procjenu verikalne skočnosti, force-velocity profila, indeksa reaktivne snage i ekscentričnog koeficij enta iskorišćenja korišćena su tri skoka: skok uvis iz polučučnja (squatjump - SJ), skok uvis kontrapokretom (countermovement jump - CMJ) i skok-odskok sa različite visine (drop jump - DJ). Za testiranje navednih skokova, korišćen je optojump (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy). Rezultati: Rezultati dobijeni u ovom istraživanju otkrili su mali do visok deficit u velocity kod većine igračica. Kod 41.6 % igračica zabilježene su optimalno razvijene vrijednosti Fv profila od (±10 %), kod 41.6 % zabilježen je nizak deficit Fv profila od (10-40 %), dok je kod 16.67 % zabilježen visok deficit u Fv profilu (> 40 %), dok je u CMJ kod 16.67 % zabilježen dobro izbalansiran Fv profil (± 10 %), 66.66 % imalo je nizak deficit u FV profilu (10-40 %), a kod
Abstract:	Introduction: The development of the training process to improve the performance of volleyball players requires volleyball coaches, strength and conditioning coaches and other experts who work with athletes - volleyball players (physiotherapists, doctors) to use empirical and practical knowledge from various domains, including exercise physiology, sports medicine, biomechanics and etc. Relevant information on training-related issues, such as morphological characteristics (height, body mass, muscle mass), physiological characteristics (aerobic profile, strength, vertical jump ability, agility, speed, gender, fatigue), as well as data from the field (heart rate, lactate level in blood) can be effectively applied in the training process of volleyball players, especially in the creation of strength and conditioning programs that are necessary in the training of volleyball players. In this doctoral dissertation, the knowledge of the morphological characteristics and physiological characteristics of volleyball players will be integrated and the results will give an insight into the current situation, that is, the formation of an individual profile of each volleyball player, which will enable the inclusion of short-term and long-term planning of the training process. In this regard, the goal of this dissertation was: to determine in which muscle contraction higher values are achieved in the force-velocity profile (imbalance in force and speed); what is the size of the eccentric utilization ratio and the stretching and shortening cycle on the force-velocity profile; reactive strength index level; in which muscle contraction, higher values of vertical jumps are achieved; as well as at what level are the morphological characteristics of elite volleyball players. Method: For the purposes of this doctoral dissertation, 12 elite volleyball players of the U19 national team of Montenegro were included, height: 180.08±6.00 cm; mass: 65.67±6.27 kg; body mass index: 20.20±1.10 kg/m2; body fat: 18.89±3.70 %, (mean±SD). A stadiometer and a calibrated scale with a precision of 0.1 cm and 0.1 kg were used to measure body height and mass. Measurement of skin folds was done with a John Bull caliper (British Indicator Ltd, UK). Three jumps were used to evaluate vertical jumpiness, force-velocity profile, reactive power index and eccentric utilization coefficient: squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ). To test the mentioned jumps, an optojump (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy) was used. Results: The results obtained in this research revealed a small to high deficit in velocity in most female players. Optimally developed Fv profile values of (±10 %) were recorded in 41.6 % of female players, a low Fv profile deficit of (10-40 %) was recorded in 41.6 %, while a high Fv profile deficit (> 40 %) was recorded in 16.67 %, while in CMJ, 16.67 % had a well- balanced Fv profile (± 10 %), 66.66 % had a low deficit in the FV profile (10-40 %), and 16.67 % had a high deficit in the Fv profile (>40 %). A statistically significant difference was noted in Fvimb between SJ and CMJ. The results of the index of reactive power indicate that volleyball players belong to a slow cycle of shortening and lengthening (on average), while on the other hand, these results indicate insufficient development of explosive power. The eccentric utilization coefficient has no influence on the force-velocity profile in concentric and eccentric-concentric contraction. The cycle of shortening and lengthening in eccentric- concentric muscle contraction had an impact on two variables in the force-velocity profile: velocity (p < 0.03), and the index of individual balance (p < 0.005). On the other hand, the cycle of shortening and lengthening in concentric muscle contraction had an impact on three variables in the force-velocity profile: force (p < 0.04), velocity (p < 0.04) and the size of the difference between the actual and optimal force-velocity profile (p < 0.03). In this study, no differences were recorded between SJ and CMJ, while statistically significant differences were recorded between (SJ vs DJ p < 0.05) and (CMJ and DJ p < 0.05). Analyzing the results of the morphological characteristics obtained in this study, it is noticeable that Montenegrin volleyball players differ in terms of morphological characteristics compared to volleyball players from Europe. Conclusion: It is necessary to plan the training program in relation to the playing position. Hitters, liberos, setters, defensive specialists and middle blockers have different morphological characteristics and motor-functional abilities. Based on the above data, strength and conditioning coaches must prepare a training plan and program in ondos based on the individual characteristics and abilities of each player. In order to implement appropriate training programs aimed at improving skills, as well as strength and fitness among volleyball players, it is necessary to take into account the actions and movements performed during the game, among which are serving, blocking, etc. Volleyball coaches must take a careful approach when trying to predict the success of players based on their morphological characteristics and physiological testing results. By now it is well documented that vertical jumps and Fv profile are good indicators of performance, however there are many other physiological and psychological (motivation) factors associated with volleyball performance that a coach must pay attention to.
Authors Key words:	individualizacija treninga, struktura odbojkaške igre, program treninga, sila, brzina ekstenzije donjih ekstremiteta
Authors Key words:	training individualization, structure of volleyball game, training plan, force, velocity
Language:	Serbian

Abstract:

Uvod: Razvoj trenažnog procesa za poboljšanje performansi odbojkašica zahtijeva od odbojkaških trenera, trenera snage i kondicije i drugih stručnjaka koji rade sa sportistima - odbojkašicama (fizioterapeuti, doktori) da koriste empirijska i praktična znanja iz različitih domena među kojima su fiziologij a vježbanj a, sportska medicina, biomehanika itd. Relevantne informacije o pitanjima vezanim za trening, kao što su morfološke karakteristike (visina, tjelesna masa, mišićna masa) fiziološke osobine (aerobni profil, snaga, sposobnost vertikalnog skoka, agilnost, brzina, pol, umor), kao i podaci sa terena (puls, nivo laktata u krvi) mogu se efikasno primijeniti u trenažnom procesu odbojkašica, posebno u kreiranju programa snage i kondicije koji su neophodni u treningu odbojkašica. U ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji integrisaće se znanja morfoloških karakteristika i fizioloških osobina odbojkašica, čiji će rezultati dati uvid u trenutno stanje, odnosno formiranje individualnog profila svake odbojkašice koji će omogućiti uključivanje kratkoročnih i dugoročnih planiranja trenžnog procesa. U vezi sa tim cilj ove disertacije bio je: da se utvrdi u kojoj mišićnoj kontrakciji se ostvaruju veće vrijednosti u force-velocity profilu (disbalans u sili i brzini); kolika je veličina ekscentričnog koeficijenta iskorišćenja i ciklusa istezanja i skraćenja na force-velocity profil; nivo indeksa reaktivne snage; u kojoj mišićnoj kontrakciji se ostvaruju veće vrijednosti vertikalnih skokova; kao i na kom su nivou morfološkim karakteristikama kod elitnih odbojkašica. Metod: Za potrebe ove doktorske disertacije angažovano je 12 elitnih odbojkašica reprezentacije Crne Gore U19, visina: 180.08±6.00 cm; masa: 65.67±6.27 kg; indeks tjelesne mase: 20.20±1.10 kg/m2; tjelesna mast: 18.89±3.70 %, (mean±SD). Za mjerenje tjelesne visine i mase koristio se stadiometar i kalibrisana vaga sa preciznošću od 0.1 cm odnosno 0.1 kg. Mjerenje kožnih nabora odrađeno je sa John Bull kaliperom (British Indicator Ltd, UK). Za procjenu verikalne skočnosti, force-velocity profila, indeksa reaktivne snage i ekscentričnog koeficij enta iskorišćenja korišćena su tri skoka: skok uvis iz polučučnja (squatjump - SJ), skok uvis kontrapokretom (countermovement jump - CMJ) i skok-odskok sa različite visine (drop jump - DJ). Za testiranje navednih skokova, korišćen je optojump (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy). Rezultati: Rezultati dobijeni u ovom istraživanju otkrili su mali do visok deficit u velocity kod većine igračica. Kod 41.6 % igračica zabilježene su optimalno razvijene vrijednosti Fv profila od (±10 %), kod 41.6 % zabilježen je nizak deficit Fv profila od (10-40 %), dok je kod 16.67 % zabilježen visok deficit u Fv profilu (> 40 %), dok je u CMJ kod 16.67 % zabilježen dobro izbalansiran Fv profil (± 10 %), 66.66 % imalo je nizak deficit u FV profilu (10-40 %), a kod